With an abrasion there is always damage to the skin (e.g. cuts and grazes). These types of injury are typically caused from a trip, a fall or collision. Any broken skin must be cleaned to avoid the risk infection to the area. Any heavy bleeding should be bandaged and treated accordingly.

Blisters typically occur on the feet and toes. Damage to the skin is caused due to ill-fitting clothes or equipment causing rubbing and friction. A blister should be left to heal naturally. If a blister is popped, this can increase the risk of infection to the fresh skin underneath due to bacteria entering through the broken skin.

Concussion is caused by an a large impact force to the head. This will cause the brain shake within the skull. Loss of consciousness, vomiting, temporary amnesia and dizziness are all signs that somebody is suffering from concussion. If you suspect someone is suffering from concussion then they should stop participating and medical attention should be sought.

A contusion is another name for a bruise. These are typically caused by a collision with an external object (e.g. a piece of equipment or another person). This injury may require RICE to manage to pain and decrease the chances of inflammation and swelling in the affected area.

Cramp is an involuntary, painful contraction of the muscle. This is sometimes referred to as a muscle spasm. This will occur due to a lack of water/salt and a build up of lactic acid within the muscle.

A fracture will occur when there are high impact forces to the bone. With a closed fracture, the bone will break but it will remain within the skin (the skin is not broken). Deformity and instant swelling are signs that a bone is broken.

An open fracture is also sometimes referred to as a compound fracture. With this type of fracture, the bone breaks and pierces through the skin. This will cause an open wound which will increases the risk of infection and bleeding.

A sprain will normally occur when a joint is overstretched beyond its natural range of movement. The ligaments surrounding the joint will be damaged or torn. This will result in immediate pain and swelling. This will be treated initially using RICE and with a splint or bandage to add support.

A strain is when a muscle has been overstretched. The muscle fibres themselves have been damaged or torn. Strains can occur in different grades which indicated the severity of the strain (i.e. Grade 1 results in limited fibres being damaged, Grade 2 is more severe and approximately half the muscle fibres are damaged and Grade 3 is a severe tear which represents a complete rupture). The initial treatment of a muscle strain will be RICE. After 72 hours heat therapy may be used to promote healing and relieve tightness and soreness in the muscle.

Achilles tendonitis is caused by continual and repetitive fast, sharp and powerful movements such as running and jumping. Pain will be located at the rear of the leg around the heel and calf area, particularly the along the achilles tendon. It will be difficult the perform activities that use the gastrocnemius muscle and put strain on the achilles tendon. RICE, particularly rest, is the most effective way to treat achilles tendon.

Golfer's elbow is caused by the repetitive action of hitting a golf ball and is common among performers that play golf (hence the name!). This will cause pain and tenderness on the inside (medial) portion of the elbow joint as the tendon has become inflamed. Again, RICE is the most effective form of treatment for this injury.

Tennis elbow is caused by repetitive action of hitting the ball and is common among performers that play tennis (hence the name!).  This will cause pain and tenderness on the outside  (lateral) portion of the elbow joint as the tendon has become inflamed. Similarly to golfer's elbow, RICE will be the most effective way to treat this injury.

Jumper's knee is caused by repetitive fast, sharp and powerful movements such as running and jumping. Pain will occur at the front of the knee, particularly along the patella tendon. Sometimes it will be difficult to use the injured knee. You guessed it, RICE will be the most appropriate treatment method for this injury.

Shin splints is caused by repetitive load from running, jumping and landing. It will cause pain, tenderness or a dull ache  along the shin bone. This, as with the other chronic conditions can be treated with RICE, particularly rest. However, some gentle stretching exercises will also support with treating this condition.

This will be who you will notify in the event of an emergency situation. This person will usually be a qualified first aider, first responder or a person in a position of responsibility.

This how you will contact the correct person in case of an emergency. Everyone will need to know where the nearest telephone is, who they will need to contact (a first aider/999), and where are the appropriate numbers stored.

This any specific equipment that can be used during an emergency situation. This will include things such as a first aid kit, fire extinguishers, a defibrillator, an evacuation chair and any medical supplies. The EAP will need to specify the exact location of all equipment so it can easily be collected in the case of an emergency.